===== Introduction =====
Ce tutoriel a pour but d'expliquer le plus simplement possible l'installation d'une [[http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_radio|Webradio]] sous Ubuntu.\\

//Les webradios sont des stations plus ou moins semblables aux stations de radio. La particularité d’une webradio est qu’elle est diffusée sur Internet.//
\\
\\
\\
===== Installation de paquets =====
<note important>Avant d'installer ces paquets, vérifiez que vous avez les dépôts Universe/Multiverse activés : http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/depots#universe_et_multiverse</note>
//[[:tutoriel:comment_installer_un_paquet|Installez les paquets]] **icecast2 mpd**// :
<code>sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mpd icecast2</code>


===== Configuration de MPD =====
Créer un fichier de configuration par défaut :
<code>sudo dpkg-reconfigure mpd</code>
La configuration de MPD se fait par un simple fichier texte /etc/mpd.conf . [[:tutoriel:comment_editer_un_fichier|Editer ce fichier avec gedit]] :
<code>sudo gedit /etc/mpd.conf</code>
<note important>Voici un exemple du fichier mpd.conf à modifier en fonction de votre configuration !</note>
<code># An example configuration file for MPD
# See the mpd.conf man page for a more detailed description of each parameter.

######################## REQUIRED PATHS ########################
# You can put symlinks in here, if you like. Make sure that
# the user that mpd runs as (see the 'user' config parameter)
# can read the files in this directory.
music_directory		"/home/pseudo/Musiques" #<----- LE CHEMIN VERS VOS FICHIERS DE MUSIQUES
playlist_directory	"/var/lib/mpd/playlists"
db_file			"/var/lib/mpd/tag_cache"
log_file		"/var/log/mpd/mpd.log"
error_file		"/var/log/mpd/errors.log"
pid_file		"/var/run/mpd/pid"
################################################################


######################## OPTIONAL PATHS ########################
#
# If specified, MPD will save its current state (playlist,
# current song, playing/paused, etc.) at exit.  This will be
# used to restore the session the next time it is run.
#
state_file		"/var/lib/mpd/state"
#
################################################################


######################## DAEMON OPTIONS ########################
#
# If started as root, MPD will drop root privileges and run as
# this user instead.  Otherwise, MPD will run as the user it was
# started by.  If left unspecified, MPD will not drop root
# privileges at all (not recommended).
#
user                            "mpd"
#
# The address and port to listen on.
#
#bind_to_address                 "127.0.0.1"
#port                            "6600"
#
# Controls the amount of information that is logged.  Can be
# "default", "secure", or "verbose".
#
#log_level                       "default"
#
################################################################


########################## PERMISSIONS #########################
#
# MPD can require that users specify a password before using it.
# You may specify one ore more here, along with what users who
# log in with that password are allowed to do.
#
password                        "VOTRE_MOT_DE_PASSE@read,add,control,admin"  #<----- REMPLASSER 'VOTRE_MOT_DE_PASSE'
#
# Specifies what permissions a user who has not logged in with a
# password has.  By default, all users have full access to MPD
# if no password is specified above, or no access if one or
# more passwords are specified.
#
#default_permissions             "read,add,control,admin"
#
################################################################


########################## AUDIO OUTPUT ########################
#
# MPD supports many audio output types, as well as playing
# through multiple audio outputs at the same time.  You can
# specify one or more here.  If you don't specify any, MPD will
# automatically scan for a usable audio output.
#
# See <http://mpd.wikia.com/wiki/Configuration#Audio_Outputs>
# for examples of other audio outputs.
#
# An example of an ALSA output:
#
#audio_output {
#        type                    "alsa"
#        name                    "My ALSA Device"
#        device                  "hw:0,0"     # optional
#        format                  "44100:16:2" # optional
#}
#
# An example of an OSS output:
#
#audio_output {
#        type                    "oss"
#        name                    "My OSS Device"
#        device                  "/dev/dsp"   # optional
#        format                  "44100:16:2" # optional
#}
#
# An example of a shout output (for streaming to Icecast):
#
audio_output {
        type                    "shout"
        name                    "Mydoom666 Stream" #<----- NOM DE VOTRE WEBRADIO
        host                    "127.0.0.1"
        port                    "8000"
        mount                   "/mydoom666" #<----- NOM DE LA PLAYLIST SANS L'EXTENSION
        password                "VOTRE_MOT_DE_PASSE" #<----- REMPLASSER 'VOTRE_MOT_DE_PASSE'
        quality                 "5.0"
#        bitrate                 "128"
        format                  "44100:16:1"
#        user                    "source"                # optional
        description             "Mydoom666's Zik" #<----- LA DESCRIPTION DE VOTRE WEBRADIO
        genre                   "MaZikaMoi"
#        public                  "yes"                    # optional
}
#
# Force all decoded audio to be converted to this format before
# being passed to the audio outputs.
#
#audio_output_format             "44100:16:2"
#
################################################################


############################# MIXER ############################
#
# MPD needs to know what mixer settings to change when you
# adjust the volume.  If you don't specify one here, MPD will
# pick one based on which ones it was compiled with support for.
#
# An example for controlling an ALSA mixer:
#
#mixer_type                      "alsa"
#mixer_device                    "default"
#mixer_control                   "PCM"
#
# An example for controlling an OSS mixer:
#
#mixer_type                      "oss"
#mixer_device                    "/dev/mixer"
#mixer_control                   "PCM"
#
# If you want MPD to adjust the volume of audio sent to the
# audio outputs, you can tell it to use the software mixer:
#
#mixer_type                      "software"
#
################################################################


######################### NORMALIZATION ########################
#
# Specifies the type of ReplayGain to use.  Can be "album" or
# "track".  ReplayGain will not be used if not specified.  See
# <http://www.replaygain.org> for more details.
#
#replaygain                      "album"
#
# Sets the pre-amp used for files that have ReplayGain tags.
#
#replaygain_preamp               "0"
#
# Enable on the fly volume normalization.  This will cause the
# volume of all songs played to be adjusted so that they sound
# as though they are of equal loudness.
#
#volume_normalization            "no"
#
################################################################


########################### BUFFERING ##########################
#
# The size of the buffer containing decoded audio.  You probably
# shouldn't change this.
#
#audio_buffer_size               "2048"
#
# How much of the buffer to fill before beginning to play.
#
#buffer_before_play              "0%"
#
# Similar options for the HTTP stream buffer.  If you hear
# skipping while playing HTTP streams, you may wish to increase
# these.
#
#http_buffer_size                "128"
#http_prebuffer_size             "25%"
#
################################################################


########################### HTTP PROXY #########################
#
# Specifies the HTTP proxy to use for playing HTTP streams.
#
#http_proxy_host                 "proxy.isp.com"
#http_proxy_port                 "8080"
#http_proxy_user                 "user"
#http_proxy_password             "password"
#
################################################################


############################# LIMITS ###########################
#
# These are various limits to prevent MPD from using too many
# resources.  You should only change them if they start
# restricting your usage of MPD.
#
connection_timeout              "60" 
max_connections                 "5" #<----- NOMBRE DE CONNECTION MAXIMUM
max_playlist_length             "16384"
max_command_list_size           "2048"
max_output_buffer_size          "8192"
#
################################################################


###################### CHARACTER ENCODINGS #####################
#
# If file or directory names do not display correctly, then you
# may need to change this.  In most cases it should be either
# "ISO-8859-1" or "UTF-8".  You must recreate your database
# after changing this (use mpd --create-db).
#
filesystem_charset              "UTF-8"
#
# The encoding that ID3v1 tags should be converted from.
#
id3v1_encoding                  "UTF-8"
#
################################################################


######################### OTHER OPTIONS ########################
#
# The metadata types MPD will recognize.
#
metadata_to_use                  "artist,album,title,track,name,genre,date,composer,performer,disc"
#
# Enable this if you wish to use your MPD created playlists in
# other music players.
#
#save_absolute_paths_in_playlists "no"
#
################################################################
</code>


===== Configuration de Icecast2 =====
[[:tutoriel:comment_editer_un_fichier|Editer le fichier]] de configuration de Icecast2 : /etc/icecast2/icecast.xml
<code>sudo gedit /etc/icecast2/icecast.xml</code>
Il y a pas grand chose à modifier. A part les mots de passe. :-)
<note important>Mon fichier icecast.xml à adapter en fonction de votre configuration !</note>
<code><icecast>
    <limits>
        <clients>5</clients>
        <sources>5</sources>
        <threadpool>5</threadpool>
        <queue-size>524288</queue-size>
        <client-timeout>30</client-timeout>
        <header-timeout>15</header-timeout>
        <source-timeout>10</source-timeout>
        <!-- If enabled, this will provide a burst of data when a client 
             first connects, thereby significantly reducing the startup 
             time for listeners that do substantial buffering. However,
             it also significantly increases latency between the source
             client and listening client.  For low-latency setups, you
             might want to disable this. -->
        <burst-on-connect>1</burst-on-connect>
        <!-- same as burst-on-connect, but this allows for being more
             specific on how much to burst. Most people won't need to
             change from the default 64k. Applies to all mountpoints  -->
        <burst-size>65535</burst-size>
    </limits>

    <authentication>
        <!-- Sources log in with username 'source' -->
        <source-password>argounay</source-password>
        <!-- Relays log in username 'relay' -->
        <relay-password>argounay</relay-password>

        <!-- Admin logs in with the username given below -->
        <admin-user>admin</admin-user>
        <admin-password>argounay</admin-password>
    </authentication>

    <!-- Uncomment this if you want directory listings -->
    <!--
    <directory>
        <yp-url-timeout>15</yp-url-timeout>
        <yp-url>http://dir.xiph.org/cgi-bin/yp-cgi</yp-url>
    </directory>
     -->

    <!-- This is the hostname other people will use to connect to your server.
    It affects mainly the urls generated by Icecast for playlists and yp
    listings. -->
    <hostname>127.0.0.1</hostname>

    <!-- You can use these two if you only want a single listener -->
    <!--<port>8000</port> -->
    <!--<bind-address>127.0.0.1</bind-address>-->

    <!-- You may have multiple <listener> elements -->
    <listen-socket>
        <port>8000</port>
        <!-- <bind-address>127.0.0.1</bind-address> -->
    </listen-socket>
    <!--
    <listen-socket>
        <port>8001</port>
    </listen-socket>
    -->

    <!--<master-server>127.0.0.1</master-server>-->
    <!--<master-server-port>8001</master-server-port>-->
    <!--<master-update-interval>120</master-update-interval>-->
    <!--<master-password>hackme</master-password>-->

    <!-- setting this makes all relays on-demand unless overridden, this is
         useful for master relays which do not have <relay> definitions here.
         The default is 0 -->
    <!--<relays-on-demand>1</relays-on-demand>-->

    <!--
    <relay>
        <server>127.0.0.1</server>
        <port>8001</port>
        <mount>/example.ogg</mount>
        <local-mount>/different.ogg</local-mount>
        <on-demand>0</on-demand>

        <relay-shoutcast-metadata>0</relay-shoutcast-metadata>
    </relay>
    -->

    <!-- Only define a <mount> section if you want to use advanced options,
         like alternative usernames or passwords
    <mount>
        <mount-name>/example-complex.ogg</mount-name>

        <username>othersource</username>
        <password>hackmemore</password>

        <max-listeners>1</max-listeners>
        <dump-file>/tmp/dump-example1.ogg</dump-file>
        <burst-size>65536</burst-size>
        <fallback-mount>/example2.ogg</fallback-mount>
        <fallback-override>1</fallback-override>
        <fallback-when-full>1</fallback-when-full>
        <intro>/example_intro.ogg</intro>
        <hidden>1</hidden>
        <no-yp>1</no-yp>
        <authentication type="htpasswd">
                <option name="filename" value="myauth"/>
                <option name="allow_duplicate_users" value="0"/>
        </authentication>
        <on-connect>/home/icecast/bin/stream-start</on-connect>
        <on-disconnect>/home/icecast/bin/stream-stop</on-disconnect>
    </mount>

    <mount>
        <mount-name>/auth_example.ogg</mount-name>
        <authentication type="url">
            <option name="mount_add"       value="http://myauthserver.net/notify_mount.php"/>
            <option name="mount_remove"    value="http://myauthserver.net/notify_mount.php"/>
            <option name="listener_add"    value="http://myauthserver.net/notify_listener.php"/>
            <option name="listener_remove" value="http://myauthserver.net/notify_listener.php"/>
        </authentication>
    </mount>

    -->

    <fileserve>1</fileserve>

    <!-- set the mountpoint for a shoutcast source to use, the default if not
         specified is /stream but you can change it here if an alternative is
         wanted or an extension is required
    <shoutcast-mount>/live.nsv</shoutcast-mount>
    -->

    <paths>
		<!-- basedir is only used if chroot is enabled -->
        <basedir>/usr/share/icecast2</basedir>

        <!-- Note that if <chroot> is turned on below, these paths must both
             be relative to the new root, not the original root -->
        <logdir>/var/log/icecast2</logdir>
        <webroot>/usr/share/icecast2/web</webroot>
        <adminroot>/usr/share/icecast2/admin</adminroot>
        <!-- <pidfile>/usr/share/icecast2/icecast.pid</pidfile> -->

        <!-- Aliases: treat requests for 'source' path as being for 'dest' path
             May be made specific to a port or bound address using the "port"
             and "bind-address" attributes.
          -->
        <!--
        <alias source="/foo" dest="/bar"/>
          -->
        <!-- Aliases: can also be used for simple redirections as well,
             this example will redirect all requests for http://server:port/ to
             the status page
          -->
        <alias source="/" dest="/status.xsl"/>
    </paths>

    <logging>
        <accesslog>access.log</accesslog>
        <errorlog>error.log</errorlog>
        <!-- <playlistlog>playlist.log</playlistlog> -->
      	<loglevel>4</loglevel> <!-- 4 Debug, 3 Info, 2 Warn, 1 Error -->
      	<logsize>10000</logsize> <!-- Max size of a logfile -->
        <!-- If logarchive is enabled (1), then when logsize is reached
             the logfile will be moved to [error|access|playlist].log.DATESTAMP,
             otherwise it will be moved to [error|access|playlist].log.old.
             Default is non-archive mode (i.e. overwrite)
        -->
        <!-- <logarchive>1</logarchive> -->
    </logging>

    <security>
        <chroot>0</chroot>
        <!--
        <changeowner>
            <user>nobody</user>
            <group>nogroup</group>
        </changeowner>
        -->
    </security>
</icecast></code>
Pour faire tourner Icecast2 en tache de fond, [[:tutoriel:comment_editer_un_fichier|editer le fichier]] /etc/default/icecast2 :
<code>sudo gedit /etc/default/icecast2</code>
Et modifier a la fin du fichier pour obtenir :
<code>ENABLE=true</code>
Terminé ! :-D\\
Relancer les services mpd et icecast2 :
<code>sudo /etc/init.d/mpd restart
sudo /etc/init.d/icecast2 restart</code>
Puis créer la base de donnée de MPD :
<code>sudo mpd –create-db</code>

<note>Vous pouvez maintenant accéder au serveur icecast2 à l’adresse : http://adresse.com:8000/ (http://127.0.0.1:8000/ si vous êtes en local).\\
La playlist se trouve à l’adresse : http://adresse.com:8000/nom_de_la_playlist.m3u.\\

Vous avez choisi le nom de cette playlist lors de la configuration du fichier mpd.conf. (Que vous pouvez modifier a tout moment, il faudra juste penser a relancer les services pour que les modifications soient prises en compte.</note>

===== Client de MPD =====

==== GMPC ====
GMPC est un client qui permet l’utilisation de MPD avec une interface graphique.

{{mydoom666_gmpc2.png}}

[[http://i49.servimg.com/u/f49/11/19/52/01/09040810.jpg|(image 1280*1024 ici)]]

<note tip>Plus de captures : http://sarine.nl/gmpc-screenshots\\
Plus d’informations sur GMPC : http://www.musicpd.org/gmpc.shtml\\
Plus de clients pour MPD : http://www.musicpd.org/clients.shtml</note>

<note important>Avant d'installer ce paquet, vérifiez que vous avez les dépôts Universe/Multiverse activés : http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/depots#universe_et_multiverse</note>
//[[:tutoriel:comment_installer_un_paquet|Installez les paquets]] **gmpc**// :
<code>sudo apt-get install gmpc</code>


===== Ouvrir le port dans le pare-feu =====

Dernière étape, ouvrir le port 8000 dans le pare-feu. Le port 8000 (par défaut) est celui utilisé par icecast2 pour envoyer les flux aux clients. Pour cela, utiliser [[http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/firestarter|Firestarter]].
<note help>[[http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/firestarter#onglet_politique|Comment ajouter une règle à Iptables avec Firestarter]]</note>

Il est possible d’administrer votre serveur a distance en ouvrant le port 6600 (par défaut). Il suffira ensuite dans GMPC de bien spécifier l’adresse distante du serveur.

<note important>Attention, **ces ports doivent être ouverts** dans votre Routeur et Redirigés vers l’adresse IP de la machine serveur.</note>

===== Informations supplémentaires =====
  * http://www.icecast.org/
  * http://www.musicpd.org/
  * http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_radio
===== Source =====
  * http://www.mydoom666.com/2008/04/creer-sa-webradio-sous-ubuntu

----

//Contributeurs : [[utilisateurs:Mydoom666]].//